A Marxist Analysis of Labor Relations on E-Commerce Platforms in the Digital Economy

随着数字经济的蓬勃发展，电子商务平台在全球范围内催生了一种新型的劳动关系，即平台经济下的零工经济。这种模式以其灵活性和高效性迅速扩张，但也暴露了诸多深层次的社会问题，平台劳动者的权益保障面临严峻挑战。平台经济下的“数字劳动”呈现出与传统劳动不同的特征，平台企业通过算法控制和数据剥削等方式，使得劳动者的价值被进一步榨取，劳动关系呈现模糊性，劳动者面临工作不稳定性、收入分配不公和职业安全保障不足等问题。基于马克思主义的劳动价值论，应采取一系列解决对策，旨在促进平台经济健康发展，保障劳动者权益，实现技术进步与劳动解放的有机统一。With the booming development of the digital economy, e-commerce platforms have spawned a new type of labor relations globally, namely, the economy of odd jobs under the platform economy. While this model has expanded rapidly with its flexibility and efficiency, it has also exposed many deep-rooted social problems, and the protection of the rights and interests of platform laborers has faced serious challenges. The “digital labor” under the platform economy presents different characteristics from traditional labor, as platform enterprises further extract the value of laborers through algorithmic control and data exploitation, and the labor relationship is ambiguous, with laborers facing problems such as job instability, unfair income distribution, and insufficient occupational safety and security. Based on the Marxist labor theory of value, a series of countermeasures should be taken to solve the problem, aiming to promote the healthy development of the platform economy, safeguard the rights and interests of laborers, and realize the organic unity of technological progress and labor emancipation.