Delayed diagnosis of peritonsillar abscess in a five-month-old infant: “A case report”

Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is a rare condition in infants, especially those under one year of age. Its non-specific presentation often leads to delayed diagnosis and management. This case report presents a five-month-old male infant with a two-week history of fever, drooling, dysphagia, and dyspnea, particularly during breastfeeding. Following clinical examination and imaging, a peritonsillar abscess (PTA) was diagnosed, a rare occurrence in this age group. The patient underwent successful incision and drainage (I&D) under general anesthesia. After one day of hospitalization and appropriate antibiotic therapy, the patient was discharged in good health. No recurrence of symptoms was observed during a two-month follow-up period. This case highlights the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion, performing thorough and repeated clinical examinations, and utilizing early imaging in pediatric patients with unexplained symptoms, even for rare conditions like PTA, to ensure early diagnosis and optimal outcomes. • Peritonsillar abscess (PTA) is extremely rare in infants under one year of age. • Non-specific symptoms in early infancy can lead to delayed diagnosis of PTA. • Careful clinical evaluation and early imaging are essential in suspected deep neck infections. • Incision and drainage under general anesthesia is an effective treatment in infants with PTA. • Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention can prevent life-threatening complications.