Geometry-Based Channel Modeling for Bistatic Integrated Sensing and Communication Vehicular Networks

Integrated Sensing and Communication (ISAC) has recently attracted significant attention. Vehicular networks (VNs) require communication links to effectively leverage dynamic information of surrounding vehicles. This necessity renders ISAC particularly suitable for vehicular applications, as it simultaneously provides robust communication and high-precision sensing capabilities. In this letter, we investigate channel modeling for bistatic ISAC in VNs, where the multi-functional vehicular transmitter is designed to communicate with the receiver while operating in a bistatic configuration with the sensing unit. To enhance generality of the model, we use an elliptical geometry structure to describe scatterers distribution, and derive channel impulse response for both the communication and sensing channels. The proposed model can be adapted to various bistatic sensing scenarios by adjusting the parameters. Subsequently, we analyze space-time-frequency correlation function. Numerical results indicate that the sensing channel has longer coherence time, while it exhibits greater sensitivity to variations in terminal velocity.