Talent Development and Retention in Industry 4.0: Strategy to Overcome Talent Challenges in VUCA Environments and Drive Digital Transformation with Agility

Technologies have significantly changed the demands of work, and the skills needed for the future. Many companies have migrated towards automated processes; however, it is crucial to strengthen professional growth from the formative stage, developing skills that complement industrial digitization. In countries such as Mexico, the lack of specialized talent represents a major obstacle to progress in the digital transformation. This article analyzes an experience applied in a Mexican university, in which an agile approach was implemented in the management of projects developed by students of different engineering degrees. The comparison between the use of predictive and agile methodologies showed significant improvements in academic performance and the quality of the proposed solutions. In VUCA contexts, where uncertainty and complexity are constant, agile approaches are not only relevant, but necessary to train talent prepared for a globalized and constantly evolving labor market.