New insight on dietary strategies to increase insulin sensitivity and reduce diabetes prevalence: an expert perspective and recommendation
This review investigates dietary strategies aimed at enhancing insulin sensitivity and reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), with a special focus on recent meta-analysis evidence supporting the use of probiotics and synbiotics. Dietary interventions, such as the Mediterranean, low-carbohydrate, high-fiber, and plant-based diets, have shown significant promise in modulating glucose metabolism through mechanisms involving insulin receptor activation, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor signaling, and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs) regulation. Additionally, probiotics and synbiotics have emerged as complementary approaches, enhancing gut microbiota composition and improving insulin sensitivity through reduced inflammation and oxidative stress. The integration of molecular insights, including the role of siRNA and miRNA in gene regulation, highlights the potential for personalized nutritional therapies. This review provides evidence-based recommendations for daily dietary practices and suggests future research directions targeting combined dietary and molecular interventions for T2D management.
Authors
- Dante Saksono Harbuwono (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6006-2719)
- Sidartawan Soegondo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5914-5042)
- Nurpudji Astuti Taslim (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1349-5367)
- Fahrul Nurkolis (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2151-0854)
- Raymond R. Tjandrawinata (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0461-9874)
- Antonello Santini (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5505-3327)
- Arun K. Bhunia (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3640-1554)
- I Ketut Suastika (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7909-1598)
- Ari Fahrial Syam (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0041-3553)
- Arifa Mustika (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6461-5782)
- Roy Alexander Sparringa
- Jeff M. P. Holly
Institutions
- Swiss German University (ID)
- Udayana University (ID)
- Atma Jaya Catholic University of Indonesia (ID)
- University of Surabaya (ID)
- Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University Yogyakarta (ID)
- Universitas Airlangga (ID)
- Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
- At Bristol (GB)
- University of Indonesia (ID)
- University of Bristol (GB)
- Universitas 17 Agustus 1945 Jakarta (ID)
- Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Nasional Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo (ID)
- Indonesian Orthopaedic Association (ID)
- University of Naples Federico II (IT)
- Hasanuddin University (ID)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Discover Food
- Published
- 2025-05-16
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s44187-025-00422-6
- Citations
- 18
- Primary Topic
- Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 23.31