Designing efficient heat and mass transfer in sinusoidal Channels: Role of wall corrugation and nanofluids

This study explores the design of efficient heat and mass transfer systems in sinusoidal channels with corrugated walls, focusing on the influence of wall corrugation and nanofluids. The magnetohydrodynamic behavior of nanofluids is analyzed using the finite element method (FEM) under an angular magnetic field, buoyancy force, and the Buongiorno nanofluid model. Entropy generation analysis is employed to examine the interplay of these factors. A parabolic inlet velocity is considered, with the upper corrugated wall uniformly heated and the lower wall subjected to zero temperature and a prescribed nanoparticle concentration. Effects of magnetic fields, buoyancy forces, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis on heat and mass transfer are systematically studied. The FEM-based solution, utilizing P2P1 shape functions, solves governing equations for velocity, temperature, and nanoparticle concentration profiles. A comprehensive overview of wall corrugation effects exists in the graphical results showing its influence on flow dynamics, thermal behaviour, and species transport behaviour inside the sinusoidal channel. The streamlined shape and its geometry produce modifications in the fluid movement, creating more mixing patterns through recirculating areas and stagnant zones. An improved transport of heat and mass results from the geometric effects, which produce variations in local Nusselt and Sherwood numbers across the domain. The wall undulation mechanisms and nanoparticle movements create localized accumulation patterns and dispersion patterns resulting from thermophoretic effects and Brownian motion. This research establishes the fundamental importance of geometry modifications and nanofluid attributes in enhancing thermal and mass transport capabilities, which provides sound principles for designing improved heating systems, microfluidic devices and other beneficial industrial devices that reduce energy consumption.