OSTEONECROSE INDUZIDA POR BISFOSFONATOS: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Introduction: osteonecrosis of the jaw is associated with the use of certain medications, such as bisphosphonates administered mainly intravenously and in the long term, and is a relevant complication in patients currently or previously receiving treatment for osteoporosis and cancer. Methods: A literature review was conducted using sources such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scielo. The search terms included “bisphosphonates-induced osteonecrosis,”, “bone remodeling,” and “osteoblasts and osteoclasts.” Twenty articles in English published between 2019 and 2025 were included. Objectives: The main objective of this review is to highlight the most important characteristics of osteonecrosis of the jaw, including expanding knowledge of the disease in order to achieve prevention, diagnosis, and appropriate treatment, as well as integrated action among health professionals. Discussion: The review provided information on the development of osteonecrosis according to the route of administration of the bisphosphonate. The authors compared the severity of the pathogenesis when controlled intravenously or orally. In addition, there were divergences regarding the therapeutic approach, in which the vast majority of authors state that the most effective treatment with the lowest recurrence rates would be the total removal of the affected bone, associated with other types of adjuvant treatments. Conclusion: osteonecrosis caused by bisphosphonates is rare, but highly severe, requiring a unique diagnostic and therapeutic approach for each case. Early recognition and appropriate treatment are essential to prevent the most advanced stage of the disease. The review emphasizes the need for integrated action by health teams to achieve the most appropriate health promotion for each patient.