Types of Ferns (Pteridophyta) in the Oil Palm Plantation Area, Rambahan Village, Pasaman Regency as a Contribution of Teaching Materials to Biodiversity Material Phase E SMA/MA

Ferns are a division of plants that are distinctly characterized by three primary parts: roots, stems, and leaves. However, ferns do not produce seeds. In Rambahan Village, located in Pasaman Regency, there are privately managed oil palm plantations that are often overrun with ferns, some of which have become weeds to the oil palm crops. The specific species of these ferns remain unidentified by the local community. This study aimed to identify the species of ferns in the oil palm plantations of Rambahan Village and to produce a book as a contribution to biodiversity education materials. The research, conducted from August to September 2024, was descriptive in nature and employed an exploratory survey method. Results revealed the presence of 19 fern species (Pteridophyta) in the plantation area, including Vittaria costata, Adiantum latifolium, Vittaria lineata, Davallia denticulata, Oleandra neriiformis, Phymatosorus scolopendria, Goniophlebium percussum, Tectaria fuscipes, Asplenium dimidiatum, Asplenium nidus, Thelypteris palustris, Nephrolepis biserrata, Nephrolepis cordifolia, Stenochlaena palustris, Dryopteris filix, Dryopteris carthusiana, Diplazium esculentum, Selaginella plana, and Lygodium palmatum. The resulting book serves as an educational contribution to biodiversity studies.