Research Progress on the Status Quo and Intervention Measures of Negative Emotions in Patients with Severe Cardiovascular Disease

随着全球人口老龄化加剧，心血管疾病成为重大公共卫生问题。重症心血管疾病如急性心肌梗死、心力衰竭等，具有高发病率、高致残率和高死亡率特点，患者常伴焦虑、抑郁、恐惧等负性情绪，影响康复和预后，患者仍然面临着严重的生理和心理挑战。本文通过回顾国内外相关文献，梳理重症心血管疾病患者负性情绪的研究现状，分析成因与影响因素，并总结有效干预策略，为临床护理实践提供理论依据和实践指导。With the aging of the global population, cardiovascular disease has become a major public health problem. Severe cardiovascular diseases such as acute myocardial infarction and heart failure are characterized by high morbidity, high disability and high mortality. Patients are often accompanied by negative emotions such as anxiety, depression and fear, which affect rehabilitation and prognosis. Patients still face serious physiological and psychological challenges. This article reviews the relevant literature at home and abroad, sorts out the research status of negative emotions in patients with severe cardiovascular disease, analyzes the causes and influencing factors, and summarizes effective intervention strategies to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for clinical nursing practice.