Imaging Diagnosis of Anomalous Left Coronary Artery from the Pulmonary Artery in Children

左冠状动脉异常起源于肺动脉(ALCAPA)是一种较罕见的先天性心脏病，其特征是因左冠状动脉异常起源于肺动脉而导致心肌缺血和缺氧。ALCAPA临床表现多样且易与其他心脏疾病混淆，早期的准确诊断至关重要。影像学检查在ALCAPA的诊断中发挥着关键作用，多种影像学技术如超声心动图、CT冠状动脉成像、磁共振成像和心导管造影各有优势。超声心动图作为初筛手段便捷无创，CT冠状动脉成像和磁共振成像可以提供详细解剖及功能信息，心导管造影则是诊断的“金标准”。综合应用影像学手段可提高诊断的准确性，以免漏诊误诊，为治疗决策的选择和预后评估提供坚实基础。Anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a relatively rare congenital heart defect characterized by myocardial ischemia and hypoxia resulting from the anomalous left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery. However, the clinical manifestations of ALCAPA are diverse and can easily be mistaken for other heart diseases, making early and accurate diagnosis crucial. Imaging tests play a vital role in diagnosing ALCAPA, with various techniques such as echocardiography, CT coronary angiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and coronary angiography each offering distinct advantages. Echocardiography is a convenient and non-invasive preliminary screening method. CT coronary angiography and magnetic resonance imaging provide detailed anatomical and functional information; Coronary angiography is regarded as the “gold standard” for diagnosing ALCAPA. A comprehensive application of imaging methods can enhance diagnostic accuracy, prevent missed or incorrect diagnoses, and establish a solid foundation for treatment decision-making and prognosis evaluation.