Research Progress on Factors Contributing to Recurrent Obstruction after Pyeloplasty in Children

小儿先天性肾盂输尿管连接部梗阻(ureteropelvic junction obstruction, UPJO)是儿童最常见的先天性畸形之一，以先天性肾积水(congenital hydronephrosis, CHn)为显著表现。离断式肾盂成形术(Anderson-Hynes)是当下UPJO患儿的最优治疗术式。部分患儿术后再次出现梗阻及肾积水。本文对小儿肾盂成形术后再梗阻相关因素的研究现状进行综述，涵盖手术技术、患儿个体特质、围手术期操作等多方面因素，旨在为减少UPJO患儿术后再次梗阻的发生率以及提高手术治疗效果提供理论依据和实践指导。Congenital ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO) is among the most prevalent congenital deformities in children, with congenital hydronephrosis (CHN) being its prominent manifestation. Currently, the top-notch treatment option for children suffering from UPJO is dismembered pyeloplasty, also known as the Anderson-Hynes procedure. Nevertheless, a certain number of children encounter recurring obstruction and hydronephrosis after the operation. This article offers a comprehensive overview of the current research on the factors related to recurrent obstruction following pyeloplasty in children. It takes into account various aspects such as surgical techniques, the unique characteristics of individual children, and perioperative procedures. The intention is to offer both theoretical and practical advice for lowering the occurrence of postoperative recurrent obstruction and enhancing the surgical results for children with UPJO.