Imaging Diagnostic Methods for Neonatal Arterial Ischemic Stroke

目的：对动脉缺血性卒中(NAIS)的各种影像检查技术进行综述。方法：查阅国内外用于诊断NAIS的影像检查技术，包括磁共振(MRI)、颅脑超声(CUS)、计算机断层扫描(CT)、数字减影血管造影(DSA)，以及他们相关新技术的文献。对病变的各种影像检查技术及其影像表现进行介绍。结果：不同的影像学方法对于疾病的诊断具有不同的优势，扩散加权成像(DWI)对急性期检测NAIS最敏感；而新的成像技术包括弥散张量成像(DTI)和动脉自旋标记(ASL)帮助我们全面诊断该疾病。结论：磁共振成像是诊断NAIS的金标准；新的成像技术可以为临床提供更多的影像学信息。Objective: To provide a comprehensive review of various imaging techniques for neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS). Methods: We conducted a review of domestic and international imaging techniques used for the diagnosis of neonatal arterial ischemic stroke (NAIS), including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), cranial ultrasound (CUS), computed tomography (CT), and digital subtraction angiography (DSA), along with literature on their related advanced technologies. We provide an overview of various imaging techniques and their corresponding imaging manifestations for NAIS lesions. Results: Different imaging modalities offer distinct advantages in disease diagnosis. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is the most sensitive for detecting acute-stage NAIS, while advanced imaging techniques such as diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and arterial spin labeling (ASL) provide comprehensive diagnostic capabilities for this condition. Conclusions: Magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard for diagnosing NAIS; novel imaging techniques can provide additional radiological information for clinical practice.