Pinch Analysis for Energy Optimization in Floating Photovoltaic-Based Ammonia Production Systems Using Hint Software: A Contribution Toward Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the optimization of energy efficiency in a renewable energy-based ammonia production system, with the aim of enhancing sustainability by integrating floating photovoltaic (FPV) panels and utilizing pinch analysis for optimal heat integration. Theoretical Framework: This study is underpinned by concepts related to energy efficiency, renewable energy integration, and process optimization. Pinch analysis serves as the primary framework for maximizing thermal energy recovery and minimizing external utility consumption, contributing to a more sustainable ammonia production process. Method: The methodology adopted in this research involves the application of pinch analysis to an ammonia production system powered by floating photovoltaic (FPV) panels. The study evaluates heat exchanger networks (HEN) to identify potential energy savings and improve overall system efficiency. Data collection includes energy balance assessments and thermal analysis to determine the impact of optimal heat integration on energy consumption. Results and Discussion: The results reveal a Maximum Energy Recovery (MER) of 845,085 kW, leading to energy savings of 36.83% in cooling utilities and 56.31% in heating utilities, with an average energy saving rate of 46.57%. The discussion contextualizes these findings within the theoretical framework, emphasizing the benefits of reduced dependency on external utilities, lower greenhouse gas emissions, and improved operational efficiency. The study also acknowledges limitations related to implementation feasibility and system scalability. Research Implications: This study provides practical and theoretical insights into integrating renewable energy sources with process optimization techniques in ammonia production. The findings can influence sustainable industrial practices, energy policy development, and future advancements in hydrogen carriers and storage solutions. Originality/Value: This research contributes to the literature by demonstrating the effectiveness of pinch analysis in optimizing energy efficiency within a renewable ammonia production system. The study highlights the value of integrating floating photovoltaic technology with process heat integration to minimize costs, reduce emissions, and support Sustainable Development Goal 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy).