Recurrence of Primary Glomerular Diseases After Kidney Transplantation: Incidence, Predictors, Characteristics and Treatment

Recurrent primary glomerulonephritis is a frequent and severe disease that represents the second or third leading cause of graft loss. The purpose of this study is to address the rates of recurrence for all types of glomerulonephritis, detailing their characteristics and the treatments adopted. The authors collected the main studies and meta-analyses published on PubMed. In addition, the main clinical trials ongoing on the topic were collected. The results highlighted the different frequency of recurrence in relation to the glomerulone-phritis considered, assessing the different characteristics and the different treatments adopted. In conclusion, this review confirms the severity of this disease. The treatment possibilities differ among glomerulonephritis variants. Frequently, a pre-transplant period should be distinguished from a peri-transplant period and a post-transplant period. Fi-nally, new drugs are being discovered to treat recurrent glomerulonephritis and several ongoing trials are also discussed. Some of them have shown important results already.