The Effect of ZnO and CNT Nanoparticles on the Combustion Characteristics and Emission Performance of a Common Rail Diesel Engine Fueled with Diesel and Biodiesel

This article presents the test results of a turbocharged Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engine operating on diesel fuel and methyl ester biodiesel with nanoparticle additives. The use of nanomaterials has been shown to improve the combustion process. In this study, various nanoparticles, including zinc oxide and carbon plates, were investigated as additives to enhance the combustion performance of selected fuels. The fuel of choice was conventional diesel, and a methyl ester of rapeseed oil called biodiesel. A turbocharged Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engine, model FIAT 192A1000, was used for the experiments. The following engine parameters were measured and recorded: torque (Ms, Nm), fuel consumption (Bd, kg/h), carbon monoxide (CO, ppm), and nitrogen oxides (NOx, ppm). The results show that nanoparticles can improve the combustion performance of the fuels studied in the engine. However, the effect of nanoparticles on engine parameters varied. In summary, the influence of nanoparticles is noticeable: the ID is shorter with diesel fuel with carbon nanotubes at 50 ppm and 100 ppm concentration, the NOx is reduced with zinc oxide and D, and CO is diminished in all load modes when using RME with carbon nanotubes.