A study on university students' conflict resolution styles and happiness: the effect of psychological capital (a study in Iran)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of students' psychological capital on conflict resolution style and marital happiness. A survey was conducted among married students at Universities in Tehran, Iran. Data gathered by use of a questionnaire including scales of marital happiness (Azrin et al., 1973), conflict resolution styles (Kurdek, 1994), and psychological capital (Luthans et al., 2007). The reliability of the questionnaire was determined through viewpoints of some professors and experts in the field and validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (=0.86 to 0.92). After data collection, descriptive and inferential statistics were conducted by SPSS software/23. The results showed that among psychological capital, self-efficacy had the most effects on positive problem solving. Resilience had the most effects on conflict engagement and compliance. Optimism had the most effects on withdrawal. Also, self-efficacy had the most effects on marital happiness. Among conflict resolution style, positive problem solving had the most effects on marital happiness. According to the findings, it is recommended that universities improve formal and hidden curriculum to develop students' psychological capital.