Antiurolithiatic Activity of Calliandra Haematocephala Leaf Extract in Ethylene-Glycol Induced Wistar Rat Model

Traditionally, Calliandra haematocephala is used for the treatment of kidney stones. Urolithiasis, also known as the formation of urinary stones, is a health problem that affects nearly all populations worldwide, causing severe acute back pain and occasionally leading to more severe complications, such as pyelonephritis or acute renal failure. The antiurolithiatic activity of this plant has not been documented, hence this study sought to incorporate chemical analysis such as HPLC and GC-MS and biological evaluation to ascertain the effect of this plant in ethylene-glycol-induced Wistar rats. The presence of secondary metabolites was detected using standard methods. Agilent 1100 HPLC with a variable wavelength UV detector and Shimadzu GC-MS-QP2010 Plus were used for the HPLC and GC-MS analysis respectively. Antimicrobial analysis was done using the diffusion method, and a Membrane Perturbation assay was performed to evaluate the ability of the plant to stabilize the membrane. Biochemical and histological analysis was performed using commercial kits.