The Mechanism and Path of Realizing the Value of Ecological Products in Nature Reserves under the Guidance of Ecotourism

在国家生态文明建设背景下，生态产品作为“绿水青山”转化为“金山银山”的关键，其价值实现机制备受关注。自然保护地在维护国家生态安全、保护生物多样性、保存自然遗产等方面发挥着重要作用，生态旅游作为自然保护地生态产品价值实现的重要途径，能够正向影响生态保护，促进经济增长、提升社区福祉和增强公众意识。因此，本文聚焦于生态旅游导向下自然保护地生态产品价值实现的机理与路径。鉴于自然保护地是一个复杂的生态系统，本文将研究置于社会–经济–自然复合生态系统中，从生态旅游的保护性、可持续性和科普性三个独特性出发，探究自然保护地生态产品价值实现的机理与路径。研究首先明确了生态产品的分类，随后探讨了通过生态旅游开发促进自然保护地生态产品多维度价值实现的路径，根据实现路径及实现过程中涉及的各利益主体，探讨生态旅游导向下生态产品价值实现的机理，旨在促进自然保护地的生态保护与发展双赢，实现人与自然和谐共生，为自然保护地生态产品的可持续利用和价值最大化提供理论和实践借鉴。In the context of national ecological civilization construction, ecological products, as the key to transforming “green mountains and clear waters” into “golden mountains and silver mountains”, have attracted much attention to their value realization mechanism. Nature reserves play an important role in maintaining national ecological security, protecting biodiversity, and preserving natural heritage. Ecotourism, as an important way to realize the value of ecological products in nature reserves, can have a positive impact on ecological protection, promote economic growth, enhance community well-being, and strengthen public awareness. Therefore, this article focuses on the mechanism and path of realizing the value of ecological products in nature reserves under the guidance of ecotourism. Given that nature reserves are complex ecosystems, this article places the study within a social economic natural complex ecosystem, exploring the mechanisms and pathways for realizing the value of ecological products in nature reserves from the three unique aspects of ecotourism: conservation, sustainability, and popularization. The study first clarified the classification of ecological products, and then explored the path of promoting the multidimensional value realization of ecological products in nature reserves through ecotourism development. Based on the implementation path and the various stakeholders involved in the implementation process, the mechanism of realizing the value of ecological products under the guidance of ecotourism was explored, aiming to promote a win-win situation between ecological protection and development in nature reserves, achieve harmonious coexistence between humans and nature, and provide theoretical and practical references for the sustainable utilization and value maximization of ecological products in nature reserves.