Preparation of Composite Nanofiber Membranes via Solution Blow Spinning and Solution Impregnation Method for CO2 Capture

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture is a pivotal technology for achieving the goal of carbon neutrality. This paper proposes a novel process, SBS + SI, which integrates Solution Blow Spinning (SBS) and Solution Impregnation Method (SI), using polyamide 66 (PA66) as the carrier material and high-purity tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) as the modifier, to fabricate nanofiber adsorption membranes with varying carrier structures and modifier component loadings. The CO₂ adsorption performance and pore structure of the adsorbents were investigated using characterization techniques, such as Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area and pore size analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results indicate that as the mass fraction of TEPA increases, the pores in the nanofiber membranes gradually decrease, while the CO₂ adsorption capacity significantly increases. The PA66 nanofiber membrane achieves peak CO₂ capture performance (44.7 mg/g at 25 °C) at 15% TEPA loading. Meanwhile, the composite nanofiber membranes also exhibit outstanding CO₂/N₂ selectivity with a separation factor reaching 28. Thermal regeneration tests at 90 °C confirm the composite's outstanding cyclic stability and regenerability, demonstrating its potential for practical carbon capture applications. These findings suggest that the nanofiber adsorbents prepared by the SBS + SI process have broad application prospects in the field of CO₂ capture.