Remapping the spatial distribution of neutralizing sites and their immunodominance on the capsid of different topotypes of FMDV serotype O by site-directed competitive ELISA for detection of neutralizing antibodies
The antigenic structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotype O is complex, and the immunodominant epitopes among different lineages remain poorly understood. This study classified the capsid surface epitopes into six distinct antigenic sites utilizing 27 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) by paired competitive ELISAs (cELISAs). High-affinity NAbs were selected for site-directed cELISAs to assess antibody abundance in serum from cattle, sheep, and pigs vaccinated with various inactivated FMDV serotype O vaccines. Additionally, liquid-phase blocking ELISA (LPBE) and virus neutralization test (VNT) were employed to measure total antibody and NAb titers. Results indicated that immunodominant sites vary among different strains, with each strain exhibiting different immunogenicity across the three animal species. Notably, antibody titers from NAb pO18-10, targeting site 6 on VP1 and VP3, correlated strongly with VNT results. This study provides comprehensive insights into the antigenic structure of FMDV serotype O and lays the groundwork for developing new methods to detect NAbs.
Authors
- Hong Yuan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3431-7482)
- Ping Qian
- Xingwen Bai
- Yuanfang Fu
- Fengjuan Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4652-9554)
- Yimei Cao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1267-9741)
- Zengjun Lu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9138-692X)
- Pu Sun
- Qiongqiong Zhao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4934-4738)
- Xiangchuan Xing
- Shulun Huang
- Xueqing Ma (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6780-0061)
- Pinghua Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1883-978X)
- Ying Sun (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-7613-7917)
- Jian Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4958-7669)
- Kun Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8307-634X)
- Dong Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8581-8658)
- Zhang Qiang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7608-1156)
- Zhixun Zhao
- Xiangmin Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1412-5069)
- Jing Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-3550)
- Huifang Bao
- Tao Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1825-0163)
Institutions
- Huazhong Agricultural University (CN)
- Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CN)
- Center of Hubei Cooperative Innovation for Emissions Trading System (CN)
- Lanzhou University (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Microbiology Spectrum
- Published
- 2025-05-15
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1128/spectrum.03344-24
- Citations
- 2
- Primary Topic
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 3.81
Funders
- National Key Research and Development Program of China