Potential links between serum uric acid levels and testosterone levels in adult males: a cross-sectional study

Given the controversial conclusion on the relationship between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and testosterone (T) levels in adult males, the purpose of this study is to explore the association between SUA levels and T levels in adult males. We conducted a cross-sectional study using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning from 2011 to 2016. The association was estimated using multiple linear regression model and results are presented as β with its 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). This study enrolled 7791 males aged 18 years or older and found a negative correlation between serum uric acid levels and testosterone levels after controlling for confounding factors. Additionally, a non-linear association was observed, with an infection point of 4.4 mg/dL for serum uric acid levels. The effect sizes on the left and right sides of the inflection point were determined as 17.93 (- 3.61 to 39.48) and - 14.73 (- 18.51 to - 10.95), respectively. Elevated SUA levels were found to be linked to decreased T levels, even after controlling for confounders. Moreover, non-linear pattern in the relationship between SUA levels and T levels was also identified.