Safety of short-acting beta-2-adrenomimetics: clinical observations and literature review

ntroduction. In modern clinical practice, one of the most important aspects of treatment is the safety of pharmacotherapy, which emphasizes the need for careful monitoring of the safety of drug use and patient education. Advances in medicine are associated with the creation and use of highly effective drugs. Along with this, the problem of drug safety has become one of the most pressing health problems in recent years. This article provides an analysis of clinical cases of the development of complications in patients who used inhaled β2-adrenergic agonists in violation of the instructions for use. The article presents cases of patients using inhaled β2-adrenomimetics. The etiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment methods are presented in the framework of not only clinical observation of patients, but also literature data, with the aim of improving the understanding of patient management tactics. Material and methods. An analysis of the medical documentation of patients with exacerbation of severe bronchial asthma who were undergoing inpatient medical treatment at the State Budgetary Institution of the Russian Children's Clinical Hospital of the Republic of Bashkortostan in Ufa from September to November 2023 was carried out. The authors searched for publications in electronic databases PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar and ELibrary. The search was conducted using the following keywords and their combinations: "beta-2-adrenomimetics", "safety of pharmacotherapy, beta", "dosage regime", "bronchial asthma", "pneumothorax", "beta 2-agonists", "clinical case". All works were published in the period from 2007 to 2023. Results and discussion. The main errors in the pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma, which resulted in severe complications, were identified. Correction of treatment and asthma school for patients were carried out. Possible reasons for the individual response to treatment with β2-agonists and the development of unwanted side effects are suggested. Ways to prevent such complications are proposed. Conclusions. We have identified factors affecting the safety of the use of β2-adrenergic agonists, such as violation of the dosage regimen, lack of basic therapy, and low patient compliance.