Regional differentiation of agricultural biogas, biocomponent and biofuel production in Poland

Abstract This article presents an analysis of the producers and the number of biocomponent, biofuel and biogas plants in Poland, taking into account their distribution, efficiency and dominant production regions. The research was based on data collected by Voivodeship, which made it possible to identify regional differences and the key areas dominating certain segments. The largest bioethanol plant is located in the Opolskie Voivodeship and has an annual capacity of 300 million litres, while the smallest, in the Dolnośląskie Voivodeship, produces 5.5 million litres. For methyl ester production, Podkarpackie stands out with a capacity of 475.65 million litres, while the smallest plant is located in Śląskie (124.58 million litres). For liquid bio-carbons and biopropane, Pomorskie is the leader with a capacity of 286 million litres and 32 million litres respectively, while the smallest plants are located in Łódzkie. Biogas production was also analysed, highlighting its importance for the regions' sustainable energy transition. Voivodeships with the greatest potential for the production of biocomponents, biogas and biofuels were identified, including Opolskie, Podkarpackie, Pomorskie and Wielkopolskie, which play a key role in the national production structure. The results of the study highlight the importance of developing regional technological infrastructure and effectively using local resources to strengthen Poland's renewable energy sector.