Optimal Zonewise Allocation of EV Fast Charging Stations in IEEE Distribution Systems Using Walrus Optimizer

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining more popularity because of their positive environmental impact and improvements in battery technology. Nevertheless, the extensive use of EVs creates major difficulties for the existing electric power infrastructure, particularly affecting distribution systems. A key factor is strategically positioning EV charging stations within distribution networks to optimize operation while minimizing effects on system stability and reliability. The random placement of EV charging stations affects the voltage profiles and increases overall power loss in the distribution network. As a consequence, the overall quality of the power decreases. The primary aim of this paper is to optimally locate the electric vehicle charging stations in the existing radial distribution network while considering real power losses and the voltage at the system's buses. This optimization problem is solved using the Walrus Optimizer (WaO), a nature-inspired optimization method. In reducing active power loss and voltage deviations in distribution systems with integrated EV charging stations, WaO surpasses other contemporary optimization methods. The findings indicate that the suggested approach is more efficient for integrating electric vehicle charging stations into the distribution network.