Research on Dynamic Pricing and Operation Optimization Strategies for Virtual Power Plants Based on Stackelberg Game Theory

Virtual power plant (VPP) can provide flexible service for the safe operation of low-carbon power system. This paper introduces virtual power plant operator (VPPO) to manage multiple VPPs. Based on the Stackelberg game theory, the dynamic pricing strategy of VPPO and the device operation strategy within VPPs are simultaneously optimized. The method proposed can ensure VPPs achieve optimal economic benefits while considering environmental costs, and VPPO achieve optimal efficiency.