Robust Scheduling of a Charging Station Considering Uncertain Charging Demand and Demand Response

With advancements in increasing adoption of electric vehicles (EVs), the potential for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) to contribute to a more sustainable energy ecosystem is substantial. However, fluctuations in real-time electricity prices on the grid may cause the overall cost of EVs during continuous charging and discharging processes to exceed that of the pure charging mode. At the same time, the random arrivals of EVs will exacerbate the uncertainty of charging demand at EV stations. Therefore, the paper first introduces a demand response (DR) mechanism that combines the pricing factors of EVs and charging stations, ensuring that neither party incurs increased cost due to participating in the V2G. Additionally, to address the uncertainty of charging demands, this paper develops a distributed robust optimization scheduling scheme (DRO) based on moment information. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method.