Holistic approach of Dynamic & EMT Study for Black start and Restoration in Co-ordination with Protection Issues

System restoration following a widespread blackout needs detailed studies while considering several criteria such as the path to be chosen for black start, black start generator AVR capabilities, addition of load quantum in each step, etc. Every aspect needs to be simulated beforehand with proper modelling of all the elements. EMT studies need to be undertaken to understand the voltage rise, self-excitation and other phenomena observed during restoration process. Protection setting changes may also need to be done in these cases to avoid tripping during network synchronization and restoration activities as the network is comparatively very weak. This paper presents a holistic approach of required Dynamic and EMT simulation along with protection consideration for a robust restoration path and streamline this procedure and outline the necessary steps to be undertaken while planning black start and restoration schemes.