Pareto Optimality Based Zonal Allocation of Distributed Energy Resources Considering Technical and Economic Constraints

Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) play a crucial role in enhancing the resilience of distribution networks during High-Impact Low-Frequency (HILF) events. Optimal allocation of DERs is essential to minimize capital costs while improving the operational performance of the distribution network. This paper introduces a Pareto Optimality Based Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) approach for the strategic placement of DERs across various zones of a distribution network. We formulate a multi-objective optimization problem within the fuzzy domain, aiming to minimize DER installation costs, reduce power losses and enhance the voltage profile of the network. The proposed optimization algorithm is evaluated using the IEEE 123-bus test system through a co-simulation between MATLAB and OpenDSS. The results illustrate that the proposed approach effectively balances cost and power losses while ensuring the voltage profile remains within the NERC standards.