Research on Key Technologies of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on Game Theory

In response to the spectrum scarcity issue caused by industrial development, a two-layer game approach is proposed to improve spectrum utilization. Due to the selfishness of secondary users (SUs), each SU needs to consider their sensing attitude (i.e., whether to participate in sensing) and which sensing alliance to join. Additionally, the application of energy harvesting (EH) technology may intensify the non-sensing attitude among SUs. To protect the spectrum, a penalty function is introduced to increase the probability of cooperation. This method optimizes the network's detection and false alarm probabilities by continuously adjusting the sensing attitudes and choosing sensing alliances of SUs, aiming to improve throughput. Simulation results using MATLAB software show that compared to traditional methods, the proposed algorithm increases throughput by 27.2%.