A Bi-Level Charging Station Planning Model Based on the Interaction of Load and Electricity Price

A good EV charging station plan ensures that it covers the charging demands of the entire region while minimizing the cost. Taking the charging demand of 33 transport nodes in Sydney as reference, combined with local renewable energy parameters and storage battery technology, this paper proposes a Bi-level charging station planning model, which takes into account both transmission and distribution network, to plan the site selection of charging stations in these regions. The upper layer uses IEEE14 bus transmission grid model as the power supply system, and the lower layer uses IEEE33 bus distribution network to connect with the upper layer. The model uses locational marginal price as the power purchase price, constantly iterates the load and price according to the renewable energy of the site selection, forming an interactive iterative system. Finally, the most suitable 15 nodes are selected to build charging stations, and the feasibility is proved by power flow analysis.