Smart Charging for Electric Vehicles in G2V and V2G modes

Electric Vehicles (EVs) are gaining more and more popularity in today’s world due to their exceptional advantages. Effective planning is required to carry out EV charging smoothly, as the random charging process could lead to problems like transformer overloading and increased feeder energy losses. The proposed work includes the implementation of a G2V scheme for smart charging of vehicles with charging cost minimization and V2G technology into the distribution network to support grid voltage. An IEEE 33 bus distribution network is used as the test system for evaluating the proposed smart charging strategy. The main objective is to minimize the overall charging costs for EVs. It is done by developing an objective function that considers various cost factors associated with EV charging. Vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology is incorporated into the system to allow EVs to discharge energy back to the grid when needed. This bi-directional energy flow supports grid voltage regulation and enhances the overall stability of the distribution network. Linear programming is employed to solve the objective function. This mathematical approach is chosen for its effectiveness in handling linear constraints and objective functions, ensuring an optimal solution for cost minimization.