Transient Overvoltage Analysis in Large-Scale Wind Power Sending End Systems with Grid-Following and Grid-Forming Converters

As China pursues its "carbon peak" and "carbon neutrality" goals, the rapid growth of renewable energy has raised concerns about grid stability due to transient overvoltage. The overvoltage can exceed protective settings, leading to disconnections of renewable sources. This paper investigates the mechanisms behind transient overvoltage in a large-scale radial wind power integration system following a three-phase short-circuit fault. By modeling a large-scale wind power sending end system with both grid-following (GFL) and grid-forming (GFM) converters, the study analyzes turbine dynamics and quantifies transient overvoltage. The research also examines the factors influencing overvoltage, providing a theoretical foundation for overvoltage protection in wind power systems.