Modeling and Analysis of Transient Synchronous Stability for Grid-Forming Inverter

With the increasing integration of renewable energy sources into the power grid, the issue of voltage control in inverters has gained significant attention. The transient synchronous stability of the grid during major disturbance events has also become a focal point of research. Traditional analyses of the transient synchronous stability of grid-forming (GFM) inverters often overlook the contributions of damping and the reactive power-voltage control loops. To accurately investigate the transient stability mechanisms of inverters under large disturbances, this paper establishes a large-signal mathematical model that examines the specific roles of damping and reactive power control loops. Furthermore, a simulation model is developed to compare the solutions of the differential equations with the simulation results, which validates the accuracy of the proposed model and lays the foundation for future quantitative analysis and control strategy design.