Low-Carbon Optimal Configuration for Renewable Energy to Hydrogen to Ammonia System Considering Multiple Operating Modes

Renewable Energy to Hydrogen to Ammonia (RtHtA) is an innovative approach to alleviate renewable energy consumption issues. It also helps heavy chemical industries transition to a green electricity and hydrogen supply model, significantly reducing carbon emissions. At present, there is no mature solution for the operation mode of the RtHtA system, and exploring low-carbon optimization configuration solutions has become a key research focus. This paper proposes a low-carbon optimization configuration method for the RtHtA system and designs four typical operating modes. And a comparative analysis of the optimal configuration results under these different modes is conducted. The case study verifies the effectiveness of the proposed low-carbon optimal configuration method, which achieves a balance between economic efficiency and low carbon emissions. The results of the case study indicate that, under different operating modes, the RtHtA system has distinct advantages and disadvantages in terms of economics and carbon emissions.