Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Herat University Students Regarding Fast Food

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of Herat University students regarding fast food consumption and identify sociodemographic factors linked to unhealthy dietary behaviors. Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted from March to September 2024 surveyed 415 students through stratified random sampling. Data was gathered using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics and KAP components. Knowledge and attitudes were assessed via Likert-scale items, while practices were measured based on fast-food consumption frequency. Data were analyzed using SPSS, and associations were evaluated using chi-square tests (p<0.05). Results: Most participants were aged 22–25 (61.9%), single (67.2%), and enrolled in nonmedical faculties (86.5%). Most had a normal BMI (65.8%) and came from middle (36.6%) or poor (36.9%) economic backgrounds. Awareness of fast-food risks was high, with 77.6% identifying obesity and 68.9% liver disease as outcomes. However, only 56.6% identified solid oil as most harmful. Positive attitudes were observed, with 56.1% preferring traditional food and 72.3% viewing fast food as unsuitable for children. Unhealthy practices included regular sausage consumption (47.0%) and frequent soft drink intake (30.6%). Knowledge, attitude, and practices were influenced by rural residency, economic status, and academic level. Conclusion: Despite good knowledge and attitudes, unhealthy fast-food practices persist among Herat University students. Sociodemographic factors influence these behaviors, highlighting the need for targeted health interventions and improved campus food environments.