Muti-objective optimization of tuned liquid column damper design parameters for vibration control under wind load

Tuned Liquid Column Dampers (TLCDs) are widely used as passive devices for vibration control in structures dominated by wind loads, utilizing the oscillation of liquid in a U-shaped container to dissipate energy. The effectiveness of TLCDs is significantly influenced by key design parameters, like mass ratio, tuning frequency ratio, and head loss coefficient. This study developed governing equations of TLCDs and investigated the influence of external load excitation spectrum on the vibration mitigation performance. A multi-objective optimization approach based on the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) was proposed to identify optimal design parameters of TLCDs under various loading conditions. The results revealed that the external excitation spectrum played a crucial role in determining the optimal parameters, and the damper performance was distinctly different when the excitation frequencies changed. This optimization method was validated through a 200-meter high tower, where the optimized TLCD significantly enhanced vibration control performance at a wide range of wind directions. These findings offered valuable insights for the application of TLCDs in complex environments with varying external load characteristics.