Incidence of and Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression Among Adolescent Pregnant Patients [ID 1382]

INTRODUCTION: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant mental health concern affecting maternal and infant well-being. Adolescents face unique developmental, socioeconomic, and psychosocial factors, which may influence the incidence and severity of PPD. This study aims to investigate the incidence of PPD among adolescent patients and identify risk factors associated with its development. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients delivering at a single health system from May 1, 2013, to April 30, 2023. Participants included those who delivered at greater than 20 weeks and were 10–17 years old. Data on sociodemographic and clinical variables were collected. Patients without documented Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at postpartum visit data were excluded. Primary analysis evaluated the incidence of PPD overall (EPDS greater than 12) and categorized as mild (EPDS 7–13) or moderate-to-severe (EPDS greater than 13). Bivariate and regression analysis were used to assess for risk factors. RESULTS: Of 455 patients delivering during the study period, 152 (33.4%) attended the postpartum visit and had complete EPDS documentation, revealing a PPD incidence of 16.4% (n=25). Mild PPD was observed in 18.4% of patients; moderate-to-severe PPD was seen in 15.8% (n=24). Risk factors for PPD included preexisting depression, diabetes, and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (all P <.05). In regression models, only preexisting depression (adjusted relative risk, 3.83; 95% CI, 1.50, 9.76) remained associated with PPD. CONCLUSIONS/IMPLICATIONS: Postpartum depression was common among adolescent patients, occurring in nearly 1 in 6 individuals, with preexisting depression emerging as a significant risk factor. Further research should focus on developing and implementing enhanced support systems and early interventions that are crucial for improving mental health outcomes in this population.