Krakow-based outstanding architects’ houses from the turn of the 19^th and the 20^th century: Analysis of original corner townhouses from a historical and contemporary perspective

This paper discusses Krakow townhouses from the turn of the 19 th and 20 th centuries, designed by Teodor Talowski, Władysław Ekielski and Jan Zawiejski. These projects, which were their own homes, gave them an opportunity for creative freedom, which resulted in original and outstanding forms. The innovative and non-schematic solutions of the townhouses were also conveyed by their corner location on irregular plots of land with a particular spatial configuration (the concentric-radial arrangement of Krakow) and their location on major streets. In developing the designs, it was important for the architects to take into account the existing context, as well as to ensure contact with nature improving the quality of life for the residents (“green façades”, loggias, front gardens). We analysed the townhouses in detail – their façades, plan layout, construction, and use – aiming to answer questions about how they are used, evaluated, and adapted today. This study was based on historical and photographic documentation of the townhouses, in situ research, analysis of available academic and other studies, including space valorisation studies and facility cards. The study concluded that the architects’ own corner houses represent distinctive formal solutions that have not lost their artistic and utilitarian value. The analysis of forms with recognisable details in the urban layout of the city from a contemporary perspective can be seen as important, as they are a valuable architectural heritage that should be protected and popularised.