Research Progress on Rituximab in the Treatment of Steroid-Dependent Nephrotic Syndrome in Children

原发性肾病综合征(primary nephrotic syndrome, PNS)是儿童最为常见的肾小球疾病之一。大多数PNS患儿对糖皮质激素治疗反应良好，但仍有超过四分之一的患儿会进展为激素依赖型肾病综合征(steroid-dependent NS, SDNS)，如何选用有效的治疗方案仍是目前临床治疗的难点之一。利妥昔单抗(RTX)应用于治疗儿童SDNS已取得良好的疗效，但各个中心对RTX治疗方案的选择各不相同，疗效亦有差异。本文旨在对RTX治疗儿童SDNS的有效性、安全性等方面进行综述。Primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS) is one of the most prevalent glomerular disorders in children. While the majority of pediatric PNS patients exhibit favorable responses to glucocorticoid therapy, over one-quarter progress to steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS), posing significant challenges in clinical management. Rituximab (RTX) has demonstrated promising efficacy in treating pediatric SDNS, though significant variations exist in therapeutic protocols across different medical centers, resulting in divergent clinical outcomes. This review aims to comprehensively evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety profile of RTX in the management of childhood SDNS.