Design of Electrical Parameter Measurement System for Silicon-Based APD Detector

本文针对硅基APD探测器电流检测系统展开研究，旨在设计一种测量范围广、测量精度高的电流检测系统。该系统由测量子系统、控制子系统和人机交互子系统组成，能够对0.1 nA级别的电流进行精确测量，为了防止操作失误产生较大电流损坏系统，测量电流范围在0.1 nA~10 mA。硬件设计主要在于测量子系统的设计，其采用电流放大电路、模数转换电路、稳压电路、控制电路和接口电路组成，确保测量的准确性和稳定性。测量的电流不仅可以显示在人机交互子系统上，还可以根据需要将测量的电流值保存在存储卡内，便于后续数据读取与分析。软件设计采用模块化设计，通过串口通信实现子系统间的高效协同工作，具备自动化测量、数据存储功能。实验结果表明，系统能够准确硅基APD探测器的电流值，为性能评估和大规模应用提供了有力支持，具有重要的实际应用价值和推广前景。In this paper, the current detection system of silicon-based APD detector is studied, aiming at designing a current detection system with a wide measurement range and high measurement accuracy. The system consists of measurement subsystem, control subsystem and human-computer interaction subsystem, which can accurately measure the current of 0.1 nA to 10 mA, with an accuracy of 0.1 nA. The hardware design mainly lies in the design of measurement subsystem, which consists of current amplifier circuit, analog-to-digital conversion circuit, voltage stabilizing circuit, control circuit and interface circuit to ensure the accuracy and stability of measurement. The measured current can not only be displayed on the human-computer interaction subsystem but also stored in the memory card as needed, which is convenient for subsequent data reading and analysis. The software design adopts modular design, realizes efficient cooperation among subsystems through serial communication, and has the functions of automatic measurement and data storage. The experimental results show that the system can accurately measure the current value of silicon-based APD detector, which provides strong support for performance evaluation and large-scale application, and has important practical application value and promotion prospect.