Skin Based Delivery Systems for Therapeutic Molecules: Advancing Dermatological Treatments through Innovative Drug Delivery Technologies

INTRODUCTION The stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, presents a formidable barrier that restricts the transdermal absorption of therapeutics at effective concentrations, posing significant challenges in treating various dermatologic conditions. For diseases such as psoriasis, eczema, and acne, achieving adequate drug levels in the systemic circulation is crucial for effective management. Researchers have explored the use of chemical enhancers to improve absorption; however, their application has been linked to adverse reactions and reduced patient compliance [1]. These issues highlight the necessity for more refined, patient-friendly methods to improve drug delivery through the skin, particularly for those with chronic skin conditions requiring long-term treatment. Moreover, the structural composition of the epidermis, characterized by protein-rich cellular structures alongside lipid-dense extracellular matrices, complicates the emulsification of highly lipid-soluble drugs. This challenge is especially relevant in treating conditions like atopic dermatitis, where the skin barrier is inherently compromised [2]. Understanding the interactions between drug properties and skin composition is essential for optimizing transdermal formulations capable of delivering therapeutics for dermatologic applications.