A Practical Study on Cultivating Research and Innovation Capabilities of Pre-Service Teachers in Higher Education—A Case Study of “Urban Geography”

教学为立校之本，科研乃强校之基，人才培养质量始终是高等教育发展的核心命题与价值旨归。在建设创新型国家战略背景下，培养兼具批判性思维与创新实践能力的新时代人才，已成为高等教育改革的迫切要求。基于《城市地理学》课程融合理论思辨与实践应用的特质，本文从教学范式转型视角切入，系统阐释三维度培养路径：通过民主化教学场域的构建，培育学术争鸣的生态土壤；推进人本主义教育理念的渗透，激发学生主体认知动能；实施创新思维工具的系统化训练，提升科研问题解决效能。研究表明，三重维度的协同推进能有效提升地理学科人才的创新素养与科研能力，实现知识传授与创新能力培养的有机统一，为地理学科创新型人才培养提供可借鉴的实践路径。Teaching serves as the foundation of university establishment, while scientific research constitutes the cornerstone of institutional strengthening. The quality of talent cultivation remains the core proposition and value orientation in higher education development. Under the strategic background of building an innovative nation, cultivating new-era talents with both critical thinking and innovative practical capabilities has become an urgent requirement for higher education reform. Capitalizing on the integrated characteristics of theoretical reasoning and practical application inherent in the Urban Geography course, this paper proposes a three-dimensional cultivation pathway from the perspective of teaching paradigm transformation: fostering an ecology of academic contention through constructing democratized teaching environments; enhancing students’ cognitive agency by implementing humanistic educational philosophy; and improving scientific problem-solving efficacy via systematic training in innovative thinking tools. The research demonstrates that the coordinated advancement of these three dimensions effectively enhances geographical talents’ innovative literacy and research capabilities, achieving organic integration of knowledge transmission and innovation cultivation, thereby providing replicable practical pathways for cultivating innovative talents in geographical disciplines.