A Surrogate Model for the Rapid Prediction of Factor of Safety in Slopes with Spatial Variability

Due to the complexity and long-term nature of geological evolution, geotechnical strength parameters exhibit significant spatial variability, which has a crucial impact on slope stability assessment. While traditional numerical methods combined with Monte Carlo simulations and Gaussian random field theory provide accurate stability analysis, their high computational cost makes them impractical for large-scale engineering applications. To address this issue, this study proposes an efficient surrogate modeling approach for the rapid prediction of the factor of safety in slopes while considering the spatial variability of geotechnical parameters. The accuracy and robustness of the proposed model are validated through a single-layer slope case study. Results demonstrate that this approach not only ensures computational accuracy but also significantly enhances efficiency. Compared with conventional methods, the surrogate model effectively replaces high-cost numerical simulations, offering a practical and efficient solution for slope stability analysis under complex geological conditions, with high potential for engineering applications.