The Development and Evaluation of Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Perovskites and CIGS with Different ETL for Increased Photovoltaic Efficiency Using SCAPS-1D

The SCAPS-1D method has been utilized to simulate a solar panel with two absorber layers computationally. Implementing the hole transporter in the current work is minimized by employing two absorber layers. Structure of lead-based perovskites Simulations are conducted using copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) and strontium arsenide iodide (Sr₃AsI₃). By combining perovskites' high absorption coefficient and tunable bandgap with the stability and improved charge transport capabilities of CIGS, these bilayer solar cells can overcome the limitations of each material. Several factors are considered to attain maximum and enhanced efficiency, including absorber thickness, series-shunt resistance, acceptor density, defect densities, <i>J</i>-<i>V</i> & <i>Q</i>-<i>E</i>, and operating temperature. The structure of the optimized device Al/Sr₃AsI₃/CIGS/SnS₂/Ni produces excellent output with an efficiency of 35.91%, a voltage in the open circuit (<i>V</i>_OC) of 0.998 V, a fill factor (FF) of 86.60%, and current in a short circuit (<i>J</i>_SC) of 41.54 mA/cm². This study demonstrates the promise of perovskite/CIGS double-layers as a means of achieving stable, scalable, and highly efficient thin-film photovoltaics. Comparing the results with previously published experimental data showed that the device might achieve excellent performance by fine-tuning various absorber layer settings. Therefore, this gadget structure is amenable to experimental modeling for future investigation. The simulation's findings offer helpful suggestions for developing double-absorber solar panels. This paper examines the latest developments in perovskite/CIGS bilayers, addressing issues with scalability, long-term stability, and material compatibility. The findings show that, with further modification, perovskite/CIGS bilayer cells offer a lot of potential for next-generation solar power applications.