The Construction and Development of Baudrillard’s Theory of Symbolic Consumption

法国著名哲学家鲍德里亚的符号消费理论构建于以消费为核心的后工业社会。鲍德里亚认为，这种消费主导的社会并非真正给人们带来实质性的满足，而是建立在一种虚假的符号体系之上。他认为，当代社会中的消费不再仅仅是满足生活需要和物质欲望，更重要的是通过消费来塑造个人的身份认同和社会地位。基于物质从匮乏到丰盛、思想从守旧到开放的现实基础，以及马克思主义、结构主义、批判文化理论和社会景观理论等理论基础，鲍德里亚提出了符号消费理论。文章将通过梳理鲍德里亚符号消费理论的构建基础、发展脉络来探讨符号消费理论对马克思主义理论的继承、发展和批判。The theory of symbolic consumption by the renowned French philosopher Baudrillard was constructed in a post-industrial society where consumption was the core. Baudrillard believed that this consumption-driven society did not truly bring substantial satisfaction to people but was built on a false system of symbols. He argued that consumption in contemporary society was no longer merely about satisfying life needs and material desires; rather, it was more importantly about shaping personal identity and social status through consumption. Based on the realistic foundations of the transition from material scarcity to abundance and from conservatism to openness in thought, as well as theoretical foundations such as Marxism, structuralism, critical cultural theory, and social landscape theory, Baudrillard proposed the theory of symbolic consumption. This article will explore the inheritance, development, and critique of Marxist theory within the framework of Baudrillard’s theory of symbolic consumption by examining its constructional foundations and developmental trajectory.