Duration of the period with ice accretion in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation under the changing climate

The article considers the characteristics of ice accretions in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation (AZRF), obtained from the main 3-hour observations at 109 meteorological stations for the period from 1966 to 2022. It is shown that soft rime is most often observed in the AZRF. The highest frequency of glaze ice is observed on the coasts of the northern and Far Eastern seas. Wet snow is most often observed in the European part of the AZRF. Generally the AZRF shows a negative trend in the number of days with weather phenomena potentially leading to hazardous ice accretions. The lowest trend is in the Atlantic climate region of the Arctic zone (–3,51 days per 10 years), the highest in the Atlantic-Arctic climate region of the Polar zone (0,68 days per 10 years). The longest average annual duration of the period with ice accretions formation is for wet snow and soft rime (149 and 172 days, respectively). In the Intra-Arctic climate region, the average duration of the period with glaze ice is 86 days per year, and the maximum is 248 days. During 1966 to 2022, there was a significant tendency to shorten the period with the formation of glaze ice and soft rime, in some climatic regions by more than 20 days per 10 years. The average annual duration of the period with the formation of hard rime increased throughout the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, on average by 9 days per 10 years.