The Association Between Age of First Exposure to American Football at a Young Age and Later-Life Health Issues in Healthy, Community-Dwelling Adults
AFE to football was not associated with adverse psychiatric, cognitive, neurobehavioral, or general health outcomes among young, former amateur American Football players. However, more lifetime concussions were associated with adverse cognitive and psychiatric health outcomes. Future studies should examine similar outcomes in older cohorts with more comorbidities to further minimize potential confounding between general health and lack of later-life symptoms.
Authors
- Anthony E. Bishay (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6057-3770)
- Scott L. Zuckerman (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2951-2942)
- Douglas P. Terry (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1707-3225)
- Jacob Jo (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-3507)
- John Edwards Dugan (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0634-0582)
- Soren Jonzzon (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6857-1569)
- Grant H. Rigney
- Kristen L. Williams
Institutions
- Harvard University (US)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Sports Medicine
- Published
- 2025-05-14
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-025-02239-w
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.35