Analysis of the research status of path planning for unmanned surface vehicles

Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) play a critical role in marine development and military applications, with path-planning technology being the key to enhancing their autonomy and efficiency. This paper offers an in-depth examination of the present state of USV path planning, highlighting recent progress in global and local path planning approaches. A comparative evaluation of classical algorithms is conducted to assess their performance in complex marine environments. The results indicate that existing algorithms have shortcomings in terms of computational efficiency, real-time performance, and global optimality in dynamic and uncertain environments. Finally, this paper suggests that future research should optimize intelligence, adaptability, and multi-task collaborative operations, providing theoretical support for enhancing USV autonomy in complex scenarios.