Secondary metabolites from the twigs and stems of <i>dasymaschalon filipes</i> (ridl.) ban. and their biological activities

Investigation of the crude hexane and ethyl acetate extracts of the twigs and stems of <i>D. filipes</i> (Annonaceae) led to the discovery of five compounds: desmosdumotin D (<b>1</b>), a mixture of stigmasterol and <i>β</i>-sitosterol (<b>2</b>), unonal (<b>3</b>), isounonal (<b>4</b>), and cepharadione B (<b>5</b>). The structural elucidation of the compounds was accomplished using ¹H,¹³C, and 2D NMR techniques. The three crude extracts of <i>D. filipes</i> showed weak activity versus the HIV-1 virus. The cytotoxicity assays showed that the crude hexane extract was particularly effective against A549 cell lines, with an ED₅₀ of 15.24 mg/mL. Meanwhile, the crude ethyl acetate and methanol extracts inhibited KKU-M213 cell lines, demonstrating ED₅₀ values of 13.42 and 10.92 mg/mL, respectively. <i>D. filipes</i> is a rich source of potential compounds with anti-HIV-1RT or cytotoxicity activities. This is the first report on the phytochemistry and bioactivity study of <i>D. filipes</i>.