Job Stress Related to Burnout Among Emergency Physicians Before the COVID-19 Pandemic in Japan

The association between job stress and burnout among emergency physicians is not fully understood. This study aimed to examine the relationship between stressors and burnout among physicians working in tertiary emergency medical centers in Japan. A 2014 cross-sectional study with 256 Japanese emergency physicians from 75 tertiary emergency medical centers incorporated a job stress questionnaire and the Pines Burnout Measure. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the odds ratios of job stress factors associated with an increased risk of burnout. Ninety-eight (38.3%) participants were classified as experiencing burnout. The results showed that emergency physicians in the burnout group experienced significantly high physical overload, high interpersonal conflict, low job control, and low job suitability as job stressors. Low supervisor and family/friend support was significantly associated with burnout. Free-response data suggested that factors such as “no discretion or decision-making power”, “awareness that I am not suitable for emergency medical care”, and “dealing with patients and their families” may have contributed to the state of burnout among Japanese emergency physicians before the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the anticipated return to pre-pandemic conditions, addressing the risk factors of burnout identified in this study may assist Japanese emergency physicians in preventing burnout.